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Standard Elements of a Citation
First and Last Name of Author or Agency, "Title of Periodical,
Article, or Specific Web Page," Title of Published Book, Film, or Main Title
of Website, Series Title, Volume or Section, if in volumes (Geographic place
or Online: Name of Publisher, 20** {date of pub.})[English Translation or
additional descriptive material regarding original publication], p. ## {or
certificate #, or other specific document reference}, accessed {date}, Where
found {Archive, Media, and Call #}. Document ___.
| Who |
Author or Agency (if given or known) |
Credit the creator of the source (identify if
editor, compiler, translator, etc.) as on the title page. When it is a
government agency, include the jurisdiction (county, state, Federal, etc.) |
| What |
Title(s), Edition, Description |
"Use quotes for articles, chapters,
individual web pages," Italics for Books, Titles of Periodicals, Website
titles for conglomerate sites, #th ed. [if needed] |
| Where |
Place & Publisher/Provider |
City, State Abbreviation: {colon} Name of
Publisher {of book, of primary website, etc.} |
| When |
Date of Record |
Copyright or publication year, date
information accessed, or date information created. |
How
(to find) |
Reference & Repository or location |
List specific page, certificate, entry,
dwelling, family, and/or line #s. Report to whom the record references. Note
any internal archive reference to specific item or fact. Most importantly,
list name of archive, media type, and call number. |
Why
(it is useful) |
Remarks (if needed) about the source |
Use brackets to add remarks like information
on the original publication, or translations of the source title,
description or
evaluations regarding the source (condition, legibility, knowledge of
informant, oddities of the internal arrangement, completeness, etc.) |
General Rules
 | Cite what you see and where you saw it (in a book,
online, CD-Rom, etc.) |
| Use (parentheses) for publisher information. |
| "When in doubt, don't leave it out!" |
| Use [brackets] for information you add as descriptive
material. |
| Use <angle brackets> for website addresses
<http://www.url-here.com> |
| Generally, the only " . " (period) in a footnote is at
the end. |
Abbreviations
Be consistent and use standard abbreviations. If you do not
know a standard abbreviation, then don't abbreviate. Abbreviations are only
helpful if the reader understands what you're trying to abbreviate!
comp. = compiler
trans. = transcriber
ed. = editor
p. = page
pp. = pages
n.d. = no date
N.p. = no publisher
U.S. = United States
Co. = Company
Inc. = Incorporated
vol. = volume
vols. = volumes
[for U.S. States] = use the standard two letter postal code
FHL = Family History Library
NARA = National Archives and Records Administration
GSU = Genealogical Society of Utah
Kory L. Meyerink, "Standard Elements of a Citation,"
ProGenealogists, updated 19 Sep 2003, (Online: ProGenealogists, Inc., 2003), <http://www.progenealogists.com/citationelements.htm>. | |
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